PM2.5 stands for particulate matter 2.5 microns or smaller. These particles are 30 times thinner than a human hair and come from car exhaust, power plants, wildfires, and burning fuel. They are small enough to bypass your body's natural defenses and enter your bloodstream.

How does air pollution affect the body?

Air pollution affects virtually every organ in the body. PM2.5 particles enter your lungs, pass into your bloodstream, and travel to your heart, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. This causes chronic inflammation, increasing risks of heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, dementia, and many other conditions.

How many people are affected by air pollution?

99% of the global population breathes air that exceeds WHO safety guidelines. Air pollution kills approximately 8 million people every year—more than AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined.

Namibia's Otjozondjupa Air Pollution Report

Overview

Air Pollution in Otjozondjupa

Otjozondjupa faces significant air pollution challenges. 100% of districts exceed the WHO guideline for clean air. This is putting 201 thousand across 7 districts at risk.

The average PM2.5 over 2023 was 14µg/m³. That's 2.8 times the WHO guideline for clean air of 5µg/m³.

This is equivalent of everybody, including children, smoking about 232 cigarettes in a year.

Trends

Air Quality Trend

Annual PM2.5 levels from 2014 to 2023. The WHO guideline for safe air is 5 µg/m³.

Health Impact

Life Expectancy Impact

If Otjozondjupa met the WHO guideline of 5 µg/m³, the average person would live 0.89 years longer.

That's 179K years of life stolen from 201 thousand people. Years of watching children grow up. Years of building a career. Years of quiet mornings and celebrations.

Lives cut short. Breathing kills.

Most Polluted

Districts with Highest Pollution

The top 7 most polluted districts in Otjozondjupa. These areas face the greatest health burden from air pollution.

1.Grootfontein
1.2 years lost
2.Otavi
1.1 years lost
3.Tsumkwe
1 years lost
4.Okakarara
0.9 years lost
5.Otjiwarongo
0.9 years lost
6.Omatako
0.7 years lost
7.Okahandja
0.6 years lost

Exposure

Population Exposure by Pollution Level

Distribution of population across different PM2.5 pollution levels. The WHO guideline is 5 µg/m³—only populations below this threshold are breathing safe air.

< 5 µg/m³

5-10 µg/m³

10-15 µg/m³

68.6%

138K

15-25 µg/m³

31.4%

63K

25-35 µg/m³

> 35 µg/m³

Districts

All 7 Districts in Otjozondjupa

Complete air quality data for every district in Otjozondjupa, sorted by population.

District	Population	PM2.5 µg/m³	Years Lost
Otjiwarongo	50K	14.1	0.9 years
Okahandja	42K	11.2	0.6 years
Grootfontein	34K	17.1	1.2 years
Okakarara	28K	14.4	0.9 years
Omatako	18K	11.7	0.7 years
Otavi	16K	15.8	1.1 years
Tsumkwe	14K	15.0	1.0 years

Showing 7 districts, sorted by population (largest first). PM2.5 values are for 2023. Years lost calculated against WHO guideline of 5 µg/m³.

Breathing in Otjozondjupa is Injurious to Health.