PM2.5 stands for particulate matter 2.5 microns or smaller. These particles are 30 times thinner than a human hair and come from car exhaust, power plants, wildfires, and burning fuel. They are small enough to bypass your body's natural defenses and enter your bloodstream.

How does air pollution affect the body?

Air pollution affects virtually every organ in the body. PM2.5 particles enter your lungs, pass into your bloodstream, and travel to your heart, brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs. This causes chronic inflammation, increasing risks of heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, dementia, and many other conditions.

How many people are affected by air pollution?

99% of the global population breathes air that exceeds WHO safety guidelines. Air pollution kills approximately 8 million people every year—more than AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined.

Vietnam's Cà Mau Air Pollution Report

Overview

Air Pollution in Cà Mau

Cà Mau faces significant air pollution challenges. 100% of districts exceed the WHO guideline for clean air. This is putting 1.3 million across 9 districts at risk.

The average PM2.5 over 2023 was 19.4µg/m³. That's 3.9 times the WHO guideline for clean air of 5µg/m³.

This is equivalent of everybody, including children, smoking about 322 cigarettes in a year.

Trends

Air Quality Trend

Annual PM2.5 levels from 2014 to 2023. The WHO guideline for safe air is 5 µg/m³.

Health Impact

Life Expectancy Impact

If Cà Mau met the WHO guideline of 5 µg/m³, the average person would live 1.41 years longer.

That's 1.8M years of life stolen from 1.3 million people. Years of watching children grow up. Years of building a career. Years of quiet mornings and celebrations.

Lives cut short. Breathing kills.

Most Polluted

Districts with Highest Pollution

The top 9 most polluted districts in Cà Mau. These areas face the greatest health burden from air pollution.

1.Đầm Dơi
1.5 years lost
2.Cà Mau
1.5 years lost
3.Cái Nước
1.5 years lost
4.Năm Căn
1.5 years lost
5.Thới Bình
1.4 years lost
6.Phú Tân
1.4 years lost
7.Ngọc Hiển
1.3 years lost
8.Trần Văn Thời
1.3 years lost
9.U Minh
1.2 years lost

Exposure

Population Exposure by Pollution Level

Distribution of population across different PM2.5 pollution levels. The WHO guideline is 5 µg/m³—only populations below this threshold are breathing safe air.

< 5 µg/m³

5-10 µg/m³

10-15 µg/m³

15-25 µg/m³

100%

1.3M

25-35 µg/m³

> 35 µg/m³

Districts

All 9 Districts in Cà Mau

Complete air quality data for every district in Cà Mau, sorted by population.

District	Population	PM2.5 µg/m³	Years Lost
Cà Mau	235K	20.6	1.5 years
Trần Văn Thời	199K	17.9	1.3 years
Đầm Dơi	197K	20.6	1.5 years
Cái Nước	146K	20.2	1.5 years
Thới Bình	143K	19.6	1.4 years
Phú Tân	112K	18.9	1.4 years
U Minh	111K	17.2	1.2 years
Ngọc Hiển	92K	18.6	1.3 years
Năm Căn	61K	20.2	1.5 years

Showing 9 districts, sorted by population (largest first). PM2.5 values are for 2023. Years lost calculated against WHO guideline of 5 µg/m³.

Breathing in Cà Mau is Injurious to Health.